MTE 220 - Sensors and Instrumentation

Linear Circuits Review

Components

• Voltage and Current Sources
• Resistors
  • Power
• Capacitors
• Inductors

Topological Equations

• Kirchhoff’s Current Law (KCL)
• Kirchhoff’s Voltage Law (KVL)

Analysis Tools and Techniques

• Voltage Divider
• Current Divider
• Nodal Analysis
  • Nodal Analysis with Dependent Sources
  • Supernodes
• Mesh Analysis
  • Mesh Analysis with Dependent Sources
  • Supermesh
• Thevenin and Norton Representations
  • Thevenin and Norton for Analysis
  • Thevenin and Norton for Simplified Loading

Op-amps

• Op-amps
• Feedback
• Op-amp Assumptions
• Op-amp Configurations
  • Inverting Amplifier
  • Non-Inverting Amplifier
  • Voltage Follower
  • Difference Amplifier
  • Inverting Summing Amplifier
• Amplifier Topologies

First-order Response (RC & RL)

• Capacitor RC Intuition

• RC Formulation

• RC Circuit Behaviour

• Rise Time & Fall Time

• RC Problem Example

• Generalized Solution for RC Switching

• Inductors and RL

• Sinusoidal Steady-state Response

  • Example - Sinusoidal Steady-state Response

• Phasor Intro

  • Phasor Example

New Circuit Elements

• Preferred Value Numbering System

New Op-Amp Circuits

• Signal Reference Voltage
• Comparator
• Schmitt Trigger
  • Schmitt Trigger Example
• Non-ideal Op-amp Parameters
  • Common Mode Gain
  • DC Offset
  • Slew Rate

Diodes

Diode Theory:

• Diode Intro
• Diode Operating Points
• Diode Models
• Diode Circuit Analysis

Diode Types:

• PN Junction
• LED
• Photodiode
• Zener Diode
• Schottky and Varactor Diodes

Diode Circuits:

• Half-Wave Rectifier
• Full-Wave Rectifier
• Peak Detector
• Signal Clamp (Limiter)
• Ideal Diode

Applications:

• Protection for Inductive Kickback

Transistors

• MOSFET Intro
• MOSFET Usage
• H-Bridge Circuit
• Controlled Current Sources

Powering Embedded Systems

• Power Supplies

• Power Sources

• Batteries

  • Battery Capacity
  • Battery Packs
  • Battery State of Charge
  • Rechargeable Batteries

• Power Conditioning Circuits

  • Power Conditioning Circuits Figures of Merit
  • Transformers (AC) (AC/AC)
  • Rectifier Circuits (AC/DC)
  • Linear Regulators, Switching Regulators (DC/DC)
  • Power Inverter

Sensors and Interfacing

Sensor Characteristics

• Transducers vs. Sensors vs. Actuators
• Sensor Range
• Sensor Transfer Function
• Sensor Accuracy
• Sensor Sensitivity
• Hysteresis
• Reproducibility
• Sensor Resolution
• Sensor Linearity
• Sensor Step Response
• Sensor Characteristics Example Problem

Sensor Interfacing

• Wheatstone Bridge
• Pulse Width Modulation
  • Low-pass Filter
• Single-Ended and Differential Signaling
• Instrumentation Amplifiers
• Analog to Digital Threshold Detection
• ADCs and DACs
• Voltage Translation Interfacing

Passive Sensors and Techniques

• Passive vs. Active Sensors
• Passive Sensor Principles
• Resistive Sensing Techniques
• Capacitive Sensing Techniques
• Inductive Sensing Techniques

Active Sensors and Techniques

• Active Sensor Principles
• Hall Effect
• Electromagnetic Effect
• Thermoelectric Effect
• Piezoelectric Effect
• Photoelectric Effect
• Photovoltaic Effect

Filtering

• Laplace Domain Premise
• Signals in Different Domains
• Decibels
• Transfer Functions
  • Laplace Domain RC Circuit
  • Circuit to Transfer Function
• Bode Plots
• Bode Magnitude Plots
• Bode Phase Plots

Frequency-Selective Circuits

• Constructing Filters
• Transducer Example
• Low-pass Filter
• High-pass Filter
• Bandpass Filter
• Band Reject Filter
• Filter Summary

Labs

• Lab 1
• Lab 2
  • Pulse Width Modulation
  • Filters

Problems

• Practice Problems MTE 220